Word: petroleum
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Speaking to a meeting of the American Petroleum Institute, G.M. President Edward Cole said that on some experimental cars equipped with platinum-based catalytic converters, which reduce the pollutants spewed out in untreated exhaust by 90% or more, G.M. has been "able to meet emission levels for 1975 and 1976." While he insisted that G.M.'s prototypes are still a long way from being mass-producible equipment, Cole announced that the company has already begun to order some tooling, which suggests that officials feel the remaining bugs can be shaken out. G.M. has also arranged...
...economics of energy production now limits hydrogen to a small role. To extract hydrogen from water or petroleum products with conventional electrolytic processes makes it cost about three times as much per unit of energy as natural gas. Of the 7 trillion cu. ft. produced annually, most is used in refining ores and in making ammonia. NASA powers its moon rockets with liquid hydrogen, but that is prohibitively expensive for use as a common fuel...
...trucks and tractors; MAT, a truck and tractor sales firm; the OYAK Insurance Co.; Tukas, a food canning firm; and a $3,000,000 cement plant. OYAK also holds 20% of the $50 million Petkim Petrochemical plant, scheduled to begin operations within three years, 8% of state-owned Turkish Petroleum and 7% of a $5.6 million tire factory owned mostly by Goodyear. Civilians operate the companies, but many key posts are held by former officers, often appointed by the top brass, who tightly control fund activities...
...Exploitation of Siberian natural-gas reserves. Two projects are being explored, one involving on the U.S. side a consortium of Tenneco, Texan Eastern Transmission and Brown & Root, the other El Paso Natural Gas and possibly Occidental Petroleum. The two together could require as much as $10 billion to $14 billion of U.S. development capital, and that may be too much for private U.S. financial institutions. Some new form of Government financing will probably be needed...
...ounce. Thus, with total U.S. new-car sales expected to top 10 million units annually for the foreseeable future, manufacturers will need more than a million ounces of platinum a year. At present, world production of platinum is about 1.2 million ounces annually, most of it for use in petroleum, chemical and electrical industries...