Word: pham
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...November Moscow and Hanoi formalized their alliance in a 25-year Soviet-Vietnamese treaty of friendship, which was signed with much ceremony in Moscow by Leonid Brezhnev, Premier Aleksei Kosygin and the Vietnamese Communist Party head, Le Duan, as well as Premier Pham Van Dong. Inside the usual bouquet of trade and cultural agreements there was no mistaking the glaring military nutshell: an ambiguous degree of mutual defense, to the extent of "consultations and appropriate effective measures to ensure the peace and security of their countries." For Peking the treaty was a stinging political rebuke...
...minus one, Pham Van Dong, Army Chief of Staff General Van Tien Dung and other Cabinet members flew to Phnom-Penh to sign a friendship treaty with the new Heng Samrin regime. The absence of Viet Nam's top officialdom from Hanoi may have helped determine the timing of Peking's attack...
...hostilities with another former friend, the People's Republic of China. The pro-American trend in Hanoi is all the more notable given the starchy posture of the victorious Vietnamese regime following the fall of Saigon in April 1975. For more than three years the government, headed by Premier Pham Van Dong, 72, insisted that the U.S. pay $3.25 billion in "war reparations" as an absolute precondition to any normal diplomatic relationship. Although Hanoi has yet to say so officially, that galling proviso has now been withdrawn...
...this episode that finally prompted Viet Nam's Premier Pham Van Dong to go all out in retaliation. No less a military leader than Defense Minister Vo Nguyen Giap, hero against the French at Dienbienphu and scourge of the Americans during the Viet Nam War, took charge of the campaign. Characteristically, Giap planned slowly; he devoted a full two months to studying the terrain and the situation...
Vietnam faces a serious rice shortage this fall, Prime Minister Pham Van Dong reported. Butterfield expands on that point, but in discussing the reasons for the shortage he points to "a combination of factors--a prolonged drought this year, government mismanagement and resistance to collectivization." In addition, Butterfield says, "with the end of the war in 1975, Vietnam lost large amounts of food aid to the South from the United States, and to the North from China...