Word: phased
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...this sounds incredibly logical, but it has also led researchers to talk about their results earlier and earlier. It used to be that only wild horses would get a scientist to report on Phase I of a drug trial - the first study of a drug in human patients, which usually involve a handful of the sickest patients who have not responded to standard treatments. The purpose of Phase I studies is to establish what's known as the maximum tolerated dose - that is, the dose at which the drug then becomes too toxic and dangerous to take. But because...
...ASCO this year, a stunning number of Phase I studies were front and center, in key sessions attended by thousands of doctors. As I heard scientist after scientist report on his Phase I work, sometimes involving as few as a dozen patients, I wondered whether these early presentations had anything to do with the promise of the targeted therapies...
...asked Dr. Branimir Sikic, a professor at Stanford University School of Medicine who chaired the committee that designed ASCO's program. "It's correct that there were more Phase I studies in the clinical science symposia," he told me. "And we did that deliberately. It was a way to inform both practicing [cancer doctors] and clinical researchers about early data and the scientific background of new targets. We now have a huge amount of scientific research and much more knowledge in depth of why we should be targeting a particular gene or protein and how these drugs might work...
...this is good news for patients, as long as they remember that, as promising as drugs sound in Phase I, they still have a long way to go before they make it to the pharmacy, if they make it at all. But with more candidates in the cancer kitchen, better cocktails are bound to emerge. "For those of us in cancer research, it's a very exciting time," says Sikic. "And we're hoping that with every year, it's going to be a better and better time to be a cancer patient...
...loose collection of Islamic courts had been established and was running parts of Mogadishu. When TIME interviewed Sheikh Hussan Sheikh Mohammed Adde, then head of the Islamic Courts Union, in May 1999 he said that Somalia's Islamic movement saw its influence growing in stages. The first phase was to clear Mogadishu of "gangsters and warlords"; then the Islamic groups would open the airport and ports. "After that we take the next step," he said. "We don't want to fail so we are going slowly, slowly...