Word: physicists
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...beam of protons up to velocities as high as one-third the speed of light. By focusing the penetrating but low-intensity beam on the documents and then analyzing the spray of the X rays emitted when the protons collide with atoms in the target, Historian Richard Schwab and Physicist Thomas Cahill can determine in remarkable detail the chemical composition of both ink and paper, without damaging either. That composition, they have shown, holds the key to many bibliographic mysteries...
...another cyclotron investigation, Physicist Bruce Kusko, a member of the Davis team, examined the three-volume Calov Bible that once belonged to Bach. By comparing the composition of the ink used in underlinings and quotation marks that appear throughout the Bible with that of Bach's signature on the title page, he confirmed that the composer, and not one of the subsequent owners, had made the markings. Kusko believes that his finding is important because the markings provide clues about which passages influenced the composer...
Skocpol says that she decided to turn down Berkeley for a variety of personal reasons, including the fact that she has a bad back, and that the job possibilities in California for her husband, physicist William Skocpol, were not promising...
Another Soviet dissident, Nobel Peace Laureate Andrei Sakharov, restricted since 1980 to the closed city of Gorky, is at least as well known as Shcharansky. But the Soviets have always claimed that Sakharov, a physicist who once worked on the Soviet nuclear-bomb project, could never be released. As recently as two weeks ago, Gorbachev said flatly in an interview with the French Communist newspaper L'Humanite that Sakharov "is still considered to be in possession of state secrets and cannot leave the U.S.S.R." Whether the Soviet position is valid or not, the Kremlin seems determined to stick...
...extraordinary detail how the starboard booster had caused Challenger's external liquid-fuel tank to explode. Then, NASA released pictures showing a mysterious puff of black smoke apparently emerging from the booster at lift- off. The 13-member panel, which includes former Secretary of State William Rogers, Nobel Laureate Physicist Richard Feynman and Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Sally Ride, seemed to have its hands full just keeping up with the new information...