Word: physicists
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...Nagasaki-type bomb. Greenglass pleaded guilty before testifying, got a 15-year sentence after the trial, and is now free. > Harry Gold, the courier, is also now free. He testified that in June of 1945, his Soviet-consul spymaster, Anatoli Yakovlev, sent him to pick up information from Turncoat Physicist Klaus Fuchs in Santa Fe and from Greenglass in Albuquerque, where he signed a registration card in his own name at the Hotel Hilton. At the time of the Rosenberg trial, Gold had already pleaded guilty and was serving a 30-year sentence for conspiring with Fuchs...
...Communist way of life. And there was little doubt of the impact of their argument. Everywhere, everyone capable of understanding the significance of the Russian achievement recognized the impressive technological, industrial and scientific skills that lay behind it. Intuitively, people sensed the national purpose that produced the Russian program. Physicist Edward Teller used a sure, fund-winning tactic when he testified before a Senate committee in favor of the Apollo project. "What do you expect to find on the moon?" he was asked. His answer: "The Russians...
Within the scientific community itself, few dispute the imperative to explore space. But there are some scientists who are frankly jealous of the money that space commands. Nuclear Physicist Ralph Lapp contrasts the $1.3 billion NASA has spent on lunar and planetary science with the modest $76 million the National Science Foundation has to distribute among 5,000 scientists in such fields as astronomy, earth science, oceanography and physics. He quotes one geophysicist: "Sheer lunacy! We are spending more on Mars than we are on studying the earth." Columbia's Professor I. I. Rabi, a Nobel prizewinning physicist...
Pursuing scientific inquiry into the applications of solid-state physics, Bell Laboratories Physicist William Shockley played a major role in the invention of the junction transistor, shared a 1956 Nobel Prize for his efforts, and made a substantial impact on technology and society. Now on the faculty of Stanford University, he is creating yet another stir by advocating a similar approach in a science far afield from his own. In speeches and interviews during the past three years, Shockley has charged that the scientific community has been ignoring or blocking research into possible differences in the genetic makeup of races...
...increasing problems of Negro ghettos and the failure of one out of four youths-a high percentage of them Negroes-to pass the Armed Forces Qualifications Tests. Shockley asks: "Is environment the only cause? Is perhaps some of the cause hereditary?" After searching for answers in scientific literature, the physicist recently told a meeting of the Commonwealth Club of California that he found "only unconvincing assertions that carry no sense of certainty." This "environment-hereditary uncertainty," he says, prevents an intelligent attack on city slum problems and may be contributing to a decline in the overall quality...