Word: physiologists
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...next application of the new technique, Physiologist Edwards believes, will be with such animals as sheep and cows. Most mammals can be induced to produce extra eggs, he says, by hormone treatments. Thus an impregnated cow could produce as many as four embryos that could be flushed out, sex-identified and selectively reimplanted. Since milk-producing cows are far more valuable than a plethora of bulls, the practice promises economic advantages. Human sex determination will be far more difficult, the scientists caution. Obtaining human eggs, fertilizing them on the laboratory bench and culturing the early embryos to the point where...
Remaining Small. Under retiring President Detlev ("Del") W. Bronk, 70, the research center became a university as well. To inject "the vitality of youth that students bring," Physiologist Bronk set up a small graduate school in 1954, a year after he became president; in 1965 he had Rockefeller retitled from an institute to a university. Resisting the expansionist impulse, Bronk has insisted that R.U. remain small in order to concentrate on "areas where we can really excel." As a result, R.U. "appoints" no more than 30 new students a year out of the 170 candidates recommended for admission by scholars...
...longer life may be higher gravity-at least for rats. That is the "very tentative suggestion" of experiments performed by NASA Physiologist Jiro Oyama, who has been raising mice and rats under artificial gravities created by centrifuges at Ames Research Center in California. Whirling on an 8½-ft. centrifuge, two female rats survived for 47 months, a year longer than their normal three-year life span...
...alcohol to save premature babies was the discovery of Anna-Riitta Fuchs, a physiologist at Rockefeller University, who found that alcohol given intravenously to animals shuts off the production of oxytocin, the hormone that activates labor contractions. Mrs. Fuchs is the wife of Dr. Fritz Fuchs, obstetrician in chief at New York Hospital; during her fourth pregnancy, she began to have premature contractions, and thus became the first human to receive the treatment suggested by her animal research...
...until the present century did it become clear that safe blood transfusions depended on matching at least the A, B and O groups of red cells. The Rh factor came still later. In the early 1900s, U.S. Physiologist Charles Claude Guthrie and French Biologist-Surgeon Alexis Carrel appeared for a while to have broken down the barriers against transplants. They devised most of the basic surgical techniques, notably how to stitch slippery little blood vessels together so that the joints would neither leak nor close down with clots...