Word: pinched
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...that next day the Labor Department was to release a big black statistic certain to shake the nation's already jolted optimism: from December to January unemployment soared by a startling 1,120,000, bringing the mid-January total to 4,494,000, highest mark since the recession pinch of early...
...This "pinch effect" is the most promising approach to thermonuclear power, but unfortunately the pinched current wriggles so violently that it tends to slam in millionths of a second against the walls of its container. The trick, a difficult one, is to make it stand still as long as possible and not touch the walls...
...Harwell scientists, led by Peter Clive Thonemann, have made ZETA's pinch behave by passing a second current through coils around the torus. This current creates a second magnetic field which keeps the pinch away from the walls for as long as five one-thousandths of a second. The deuterium in it is heated to 5,000,000° C. (one-third of the temperature at the center of the sun), and free neutrons shoot out of the torus...
...Alamos Scientific Laboratory with a machine called Perhapsatron S-3. Its doughnut is made of glass surrounded by copper, and is about as big as a scooter tire, with its minor diameter (through the dough) about 2 in. compared to ZETA's 39 in. The temperature of its pinch is higher than ZETA's (about 6,000,000° C.), but the pinch lasts only a few millionths of a second, about one-thousandth as long as ZETA's. Other thermonuclear machines at Los Alamos use short, straight tubes through which heavy currents are forced to flow...
...British thermonuclear scientists do not say flatly that they are ahead of their U.S. colleagues, but Dr. Thonemann, master of ZETA, points out that with a small thermonuclear doughnut it is hard to keep the pinch away from the walls for long. "You have to go fairly big," he says, "if you want to put up temperature and put up containment time too." The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission apparently agrees with this reasoning; it is building at Princeton, N.J. a very large thermonuclear device, a "Stellarator," which is scheduled to start operation...