Word: pioneerism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...this week, the journey will be the most spectacular ever undertaken from earth: an odyssey of two years and half a billion miles-including a hazardous stretch through the asteroid belt-to fly to within 87,000 miles of the planet Jupiter. If all goes well, the unmanned ship-Pioneer 10-will radio back the first closeup pictures of the giant planet, probe its intense magnetic fields and radiation belts and perhaps peek at one of the twelve Jovian moons. Then with the planet's powerful gravity acting as a slingshot, Pioneer will be hurled beyond Jupiter to begin...
...Cornell Astronomers Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, Pioneer's flight into interstellar space is not only a scientific adventure but a rare opportunity. Thus they persuaded NASA to attach a unique plaque to Pioneer's antenna supports. Its purpose: to indicate where the far-ranging robot came from and who its builders were should Pioneer ever be intercepted by extraterrestrial beings...
Chance Encounter. That possibility is admittedly small. Traveling at a velocity of seven miles a second, Pioneer could not reach the nearest star in less than 80,000 years and might never fly close to a star orbited by inhabited planets. But the longer the 6 in.-by-9 in. aluminum plaque survives, the better chance there is of such an encounter. To assure its preservation, the plaque has been anodized with erosion-resistant gold. What is more, the symbols etched into it have been designed to be meaningful even to beings totally unfamiliar with human logical processes...
...civil rights; in Chapel Hill, N.C. A historian, Graham became president of the newly consolidated University of North Carolina in 1930 and held the post for 19 controversial years. He defended the right of students to invite speakers of all ideologies and spoke up for trade unionists and the pioneer civil rights demonstrators. Though these positions made him an anathema to many Southern conservatives, Graham was appointed to fill a vacant Senate seat in 1949. The following year he lost the nomination for a full term after a campaign bitter with racial overtones. For the next 16 years Graham worked...
Died. Diana Cooper DeBakey, 62, wife of Dr. Michael E. DeBakey, the pioneer in cardiac surgery and transplants; of a heart attack; in Houston...