Word: pioneerism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...reach the solar system's largest planet, a flight that could take two years or more. Pioneer F will have to survive a hazard never before encountered by a spacecraft: it will have to pass through the asteroid belt, which consists of some 50,000 asteroids that circle the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. If Pioneer runs the rocky gauntlet successfully, the way will be cleared for further explorations of the outer planets by unmanned spacecraft making Grand Tours* later in the decade, as well as future flights by man himself. A serious accident...
Mysterious Spot. As it passes within 100,000 miles of Jupiter, Pioneer F will conduct a total of 13 experiments and radio the results back to mission controllers at NASA's Ames Research Center in Mountain View, Calif. A complex array of detectors, which poke out of the cone-shaped spacecraft like antennae on a monstrous insect, will measure, among other things, magnetic fields, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, cosmic rays, meteoroid density and the intensity of the solar wind (charged atomic particles streaming from...
...only planet believed to have a magnetic field. It is also producing a great quantity of heat, the origin of which is still a mystery. In addition, it has twelve satellites, three of which are larger than the earth's moon. By analyzing the radio signals that Pioneer emits just before it ducks behind one of the larger moons, possibly lo (pronounced eye-oh), scientists may be able to tell whether the satellite has an atmosphere...
Most intriguing of all, light measurements by Pioneer's imaging photo-polarimeter will enable computers on earth to construct about ten pictures of the planet that will show features as small as 250 miles across. Although the resolution is not much greater than that achieved by terrestrial telescopes, the pictures will be shot from glare-free angles completely unobtainable on earth...
...seven more volumes-only slightly disguised as fiction -that carried the heroine. Laura Ingalls, to the point of marriage with Almanzo Wilder. Collectively and individually, all the books have become classics of children's literature. It is safe to say that they have given a notion of what pioneer life was like to far more Americans than ever heard of Frederick Jackson Turner...