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...latest video from the Red Planet...
Before the little rover can traverse the Martian surface, of course, it must reach the Martian surface, and that won't be easy. The 1,300-lb. spacecraft will slam into the planet's atmosphere at 16,300 m.p.h., ultimately causing it to experience deceleration forces of 20 Gs. The vehicle's cork-and-silicon aeroshell should absorb most of this body blow. Both a parachute and a retrorocket will slow its plunge, and an array of airbags will inflate to cushion the shock of landing. And finally, the spacecraft will simply drop to the surface, striking the ground like...
Painstaking as the rover's exploration of Ares Vallis will be, it should be worth the effort. The water that flooded the valley billions of years ago came from all over the planet, carrying all manner of rocks with it. Sojourner will pick through this geological boneyard, photographing the remains and using X-ray spectrometers to study their composition...
...degrees]F at night) kills it. The Pathfinder lander, also able to take readings, could function for up to a year. No matter when the machines wink out, however, Mars is unlikely to remain unattended. On Sept. 12, Global Surveyor, another robot probe, will arrive at the planet, settle into a 250-mile-high orbit and begin two years of mapping the surface. A second lander-and-orbiter pair is set to be dispatched Marsward in 1998, with more to follow roughly every other year until 2004. Finally, in 2005, the program will culminate in a first-ever round trip...
...little craft will amble over to the new rock at a speedy clip of one centimeter per second, studying soil characteristics along the way. NASA has yet to release any detailed information from Sojourner's chemical analyses, beyond a few hints about indications of past life on the Red Planet. But the agency is releasing a stream of striking panoramic shots taken by the rover and Pathfinder that provide convincing evidence that the planet was inundated by ancient floods, some the size of the massive deluge that filled the Mediterranean basin. Today's Martian forecast: dry, with a temperature...