Word: planned
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Plan Against Plan Undecided
...average Western European, the Marshall Plan is rather welcome evidence that the U.S. is not at the moment pulling out of Europe. Beyond that conclusion, Europeans find U.S. intentions obscure. Neither the words of Washington nor the explanations of their own governments have persuaded most Europeans, for example, that Marshall Plan aid is not basically just another loan-that is supposed to be paid back some day, with interest. How poorly U.S. aid has been described abroad is clear from the fact that 62% of the Frenchmen interviewed, and 61% of the Britons, think that ERP is fundamentally a loan...
What were the U.S. motives in giving aid to Europe? To halt Communism is the reason most often given. Few Europeans believe that the U.S. is acting out of pure altruism. Nor do many Europeans believe the Communist line that the Marshall Plan is primarily intended to impose U.S. capitalism in Europe or to enable the U.S. to get rid of its goods in order to escape a depression. Frenchmen are more ready than other Europeans to believe the latter motive; even so, the 26% of Frenchmen who think the U.S. is trying to get rid of its goods...
...there? One other idea that rank-&-file Europeans turned over in their minds now was Western European Union. So far, to the average man, the words were little more than a label; fewer people had heard the phrase than had heard, for example, of U.N. or the Marshall Plan. But Western Europe liked the sound of Western Union...
...questionnaire, some theoretically thorny questions might not have to be answered for a while. Or time might make them easier to answer. Said a Frenchman, in angry pessimism: "As things are now, a Russian army could be in Paris within eight days. . . . What really counts, besides the Marshall Plan, are the Italian elections...