Word: plasma
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Between the wave and the body is a fast-flowing layer of air heated to something like 12,000° F. At this temperature about 2% of the air's atoms are ionized, i.e., broken into electrons and positively charged ions. The mixture, which physicists call a plasma, is a conductor of electricity...
...figures that a magnetic field of moderate strength (3,000 gauss) should reduce heat transfer by 28%. Greater reduction might be achieved by covering the nose of the re-entry body with a material that ionizes easily. Its ions, mixing with the air, would make it a strongly conducting plasma that would be slowed more effectively by magnetism...
...current completely ionizes the deuterium, knocking its atoms apart into positive nuclei (deuterons) and negative electrons. When a powerful current flows through this sort of "plasma," a strange thing happens. The gas is compressed by the magnetic field that the current generates. It gathers in a ring at the center of the torus, and the current flowing through the ring heats the gas to millions of degrees...
...missile) from burning up due to friction when it hits the relatively dense atmosphere of the earth at 20,000 m.p.h. To study this friction in the laboratory, Dr. Gabriel M. Giannini, a close friend of the late Atomic Physicist Enrico Fermi, is building a device called a "plasma jet." A stream of inert gas such as argon is passed through a high intensity electric discharge. The resulting heat forces a jet of highly ionized gas out a small hole at enormous speed and temperature (even a small jet will quickly chew through a steel plate). Since...
...when, in 1931. in the inner fastnesses of his regal headquarters at the Match Palace in Stockholm, he forged with his own hand $143 million in Italian government bonds. By now, Kreuger's Depression-gored empire was bleeding cash too fast to be saved by bogus credit plasma. A sprinkling of embarrassing questions began. As they sat in the Hotel du Rhin waiting to hear his answers. Ivar Kreuger fobbed off his creditors with one final, non-negotiable note: "Goodbye now and thanks...