Word: ploesti
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Died. Major General Uzal Girard Ent, U.S.A. (ret.), 48, leader of the low-level mass bombing raid on the Ploesti oil refineries in 1943; after long illness; in Denver. Paralyzed from the waist down in a 1944 crash, he set an example for other paraplegics by ultimately learning to walk with braces...
Working across the narrow Italian front he and his men were among the first to develop through-the-clouds bombing on a big scale (Belgrade and Budapest were among the principal targets). His Fifteenth went through all the ups & downs of shuttle-bombing from Russian bases, and smashed the Ploesti oil refineries in the bargain. Last year the Fifteenth acted as a strategic supporting air force for the final Russian advances...
Here is a sequel to your anecdote under "Morale" (TIME, Dec. 25), concerning the marines who taught the Jap prisoner to ask "Where I stand on rotation plan?" ... An Air Force captain told me that he and his fellow prisoners of Ploesti taught their non-English-comprehending Rumanian guards to greet them with: "Buy U.S. War Bonds...
Fourth, the lack of housing and fuel is beginning to be seriously felt as winter approaches. Some towns, like Ploesti and Campina, have been almost completely destroyed by bombing. The influx of Russian troops sharpened the housing shortage. As a result, the Rumanians are beginning to requisition housing themselves for their people...
...Balikpapan raid (second in a week) showed that the Japs were still fiercely determined to defend the "Ploesti of the Pacific." As the Liberators crossed Celebes they were picked up by Jap "Bettys" (fast twin-engined bombers) which radioed instructions ahead to fighters. Forty Zeros were ready for the U.S. flyers at Balikpapan and, though 19 Japs were shot down, seven Liberators with 70 airmen went down in flames...