Word: pluralist
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Such demands prove Solidarity's great promise as a model for change, in both socialist and capitalist countries. Should they succeed, they will have done what most called impossible--create a pluralist socialist state. Like revolutionaries of an earlier date, they are united partly by hate--not of capitalist overloads, but of distant state bureaucrats, who inflict as much pain and humiliation as any factory owner. More the unity of the oppressed than simply of labor. Solidarity represents a radical national ideal--a state where the citizens were really in control of all social facets of life. Walesa...
...would govern with a national council including representatives of all the forces "who agree with our line of independence and freedom, except the allies of the Shah and Khomeini." Asked why his promises should be more credible than those of Khomeini, who also pledged free speech and a pluralist society during his exile in France, Rajavi answers: "We are not just a group of intellectuals without any responsibility. We have been a popular movement for 17 years, and that means we are responsible...
...founded on love of one's fellowman." The Soviet Union's other giant of opposition, Physicist Andrei Sakharov, has been promulgating a very different sort of dissent lately from his internal exile in the industrial city of Gorky. Sakharov is a liberal in the Western mold, a believer in pluralist democracy. But neither alternative seems to reflect the aspirations of the Soviet masses. For all their admirable courage, the few thousand Soviet dissidents still at large have their principal following in the West. They sometimes behave like high officials of a shadow government, hoping to get their manifestoes played back...
...warmth inspired by the Pope's presence poses a conundrum about the man and his views. Although Mexico is largely anticlerical and Poland is Communist, the vast majority of their citizens are Catholics who have been reared from infancy to respect the papacy. But the U.S. is a pluralist, secular, sexually permissive society, and in the past two decades Americans have come to view with suspicion all institutions and authority, social, political or religious...
Secondly, Mr. Epstein shares Rabbi Ben-Zion Gold's confusion about the limits of ethnic participation in a democratic society. The pluralist model for managing ethnic interactions permits both exclusivity and inclusivity in subcultural practices or endeavors, while simultaneously cultivating an open-ended universalism or cosmopolitanism as a style (value) for national institutions. At the extreme of exclusivism is the Amish model: total rejection of and isolation from modern society, cosmopolitanism and all. This is difficult to attain but if you work at it, as the great Amish people of my home state of Pennsylvania have, you can achieve much...