Word: polio
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Straight-Line Theory. How could all this be? The 1,000-odd doctors who sat in on the polio symposium learned something of this from Dr. Salk himself. They had gone there, full of admiration and curiosity, to hear him and see him get a $10,000 award* for his achievements. They listened attentively, some with obvious puzzlement, as he read a long and tightly technical report. Its net: mass manufacture was not the same as making vaccine in his precisely controlled laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh...
...Danish authorities think they have got around this by using ⅓ cc. under the skin.) Some experts oppose injections of any kind into the muscle during the polio season because they fear that the needle may provoke a flare-up by a latent polio infection that otherwise would have done no harm. Dr. Salk did not feel that this objection was decisive, but would leave the verdict to local health officers...
...University of Michigan's Dr. Thomas Francis Jr., grand evaluator of the 1954 Salk vaccine trials. He warned against indiscriminately beginning vaccination programs (i.e., giving the first of two shots) until the return of cold weather. Local health officers, he said, must weigh the risk of provoking polio against the number of cases they hope to prevent...
...short shrift to the Salk straight-line inactivation theory. It simply does not work that way in practice, they said: a minute quantity of live.virus may always remain in the vaccine. However, they hastened to add, the vaccine can be made so safe that the chances of its causing polio will be negligible compared with the protection it will offer against polio...
...P.H.S.'s top men were not entirely satisfied with formaldehyde as the killing agent: ironically, it may actually favor the clumping of virus particles that makes a vaccine unsafe. And they had little patience with the Mahoney strain (which has caused most of the polio in the Cutter-vaccinated cases).* Denmark, they noted, has inoculated its 400,000 schoolchildren with a Salk-type vaccine, but with the Brunhilde strain substituted for Mahoney, and with no mishap. And since the U.S. authorities were not satisfied with present testing methods, it was clear that major changes in the Salk vaccine were...