Word: polio
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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This spring. Dr. Salk's vision and his delicate laboratory procedures and logarithmic calculations are to be put to the test. Beginning next month in the South and working North ahead of the polio season, the vaccine that Salk has devised and concocted will be shot into the arms of 500,000 to 1.000,000 youngsters in the first, second and third grades in nearly 200 chosen test areas. A few months after the 1954 polio season is over, statisticians will dredge from a mountain of records an answer to the question: Does the Salk vaccine give effective protection...
...room with the safety rules and precautions of a radioisotope laboratory, 2 cc. of fluid containing live polio virus are added as a seed stock to each quart of tissue fluid. Back to the rocker go the bottles. The virus multiplies a thousandfold in the kidney cells, and after about four days the potentially deadly crop is ready for harvest. It is chilled in 2½gal. bottles for trucking from Toronto to Eli Lilly & Co. and to Parke, Davis...
...each step has been taken with only one type of polio virus present. But the hundreds of strains or varieties of polio virus are classified in three major types, any one of which can cause disease. So one strain of each of the three basic types must be in the vaccine. Dr. Salk's prescription calls for the Mahoney strain (Type I), MEF-I strain (Type II) and the Saukett strain* (Type III). Three tankfuls, each containing one type of virus in its inactivated state, are mixed. The formaldehyde is neutralized with sodium bisulfite...
...Immediately the tube began to fill with blood. Most of the youngsters watched with impersonal detachment, and girls were no more upset by the sight of blood than boys. (These blood samples will be tested to see how many children already had antibodies to one or another type of polio virus. In the forthcoming national trials, no more than 10% of the children will be asked to give blood for a cross-section sampling...
This week, though some state officials were giving only guarded, conditional permission for the trials, there was no doubt of the public's eagerness to see the vaccine tested, or of its faith in the mystical powers of white-coated medical researchers to exorcise the demon polio that has made each summertime a season of fear. In Pittsburgh schools, 80% to 95% of parents with children in the first three grades gave written consent for the vaccinations, and nearly all these youngsters showed...