Word: polio
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Hundreds of thousands of second-grade schoolchildren, averaging seven years old, will give the answer next year to the most urgent and immediate question confronting medical scientists: Can the vaccine developed by the University of Pittsburgh's Dr. Jonas E. Salk (TIME, Feb. 9) halt the ravages of polio...
...biochemists at the University of California, Drs. Howard L. Bachrach and Carleton E. Schwerdt, did it the hard way.'They grew polio virus of the Type II or Lansing strain in the nerve tissues of rats, and got the concentration up to about 10%. This preparation contained particles of two sizes, some a millionth of an inch in diameter, the others less than half as big. The researchers separated the two kinds in an ultracentrifuge. then they injected the materials into different groups of rats. Only the animals that received the millionth-of-an-inch particles caught polio. That...
...Detroit laboratories of Parke, Davis & Co., a research team headed by Virologist Alton R. Taylor started by growing polio virus of the Type I or Brunhilde strain in test tubes with tissues from animals. The company is not telling how the purification was achieved, and its photograph shows particles of different sizes...
...isolation of polio virus in apparently pure form will be of enormous help to researchers in their efforts to produce a safe and effective vaccine against the disease. Many of the hazards connected with the older and relatively impure virus preparations can be eliminated. Chemists can study the makeup of the particles as a first step to finding out why they behave as they do, and how to reduce their ravages...
...intricate processes of giving people immunity against disease, instead of waiting to cure them after they have been stricken (gamma globulin and vaccines for polio are the latest examples), medical science has a relatively new name: immunochemistry. Last week judges for the Lasker Awards recognized its importance by picking as one of 1953's winners Dr. Michael Heidelberger, 65, of New York City, for "decisive contributions to mankind in developing a new subscience. the precise measuring tool of immunochemistry...