Word: polish
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Over the previous weekend, for example, Polish authorities had ended their censorship of foreign press dispatches. Telephone links were restored within, but not between, major cities. At a Warsaw press conference last week, Deputy Premier Jerzy Ozdowski even expressed vague hopes that martial law might be lifted "tomorrow or by Feb. 1." The skepticism of Western observers seemed to be confirmed at week's end when Government Spokesman Jerzy Urban declared that martial law would last until "all fatal phenomena"-in other words, all opposition-ended...
Because of the Polish crisis, the Soviet Union's cash balance in Western banks dropped at least $5 billion last year, to a level of $3.6 billion. The Soviets were forced to sell an estimated 200 metric tons of gold, more than twice the 90 tons sold in 1980, to raise an estimated $2.6 billion in Western currencies. The sale of ingots is one of the main reasons that the price of gold, which reached a record $850 an ounce in January 1980, is now around...
President Reagan's economic retaliation against the Soviet Union for its role in the Polish crisis is raising anew some time-worn questions. Do such sanctions work? Are they at best only symbolic? Are they perhaps misguided missiles that ultimately inflict more damage on the country imposing them than on the target nation...
...plant that was originally scheduled to be constructed in part by Armco Inc. of Middletown, Ohio. James H. Giffen, president of Armco's international subsidiary, thinks that Europe will be equally unsupportive of Reagan's sanctions. Says he: "We applaud President Reagan for his sympathy with the Polish people. But we have to wonder whether sanctions are an effective way of communicating concern. You have very little leverage with the Soviets if you can't get your allies to go along with...
...adult director with a sometime taste for the reckless moment. Polanski, who will direct the play, which stars Francois Périer, 62, as Mozart's nemesis Antonio Salieri, and Actress Sonia Vollereaux, 22, as Mozart's wife, has been taking crash diction courses to smooth the Polish lilt from his French. "I have no problem directing myself because I am a very obedient actor," observes Polanski. "It's much easier to direct while acting than to act while directing. Directing is extremely difficult because you have to pay attention to everything and everyone at once...