Word: polished
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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With the reduction of Czecho-Slovakia last autumn to a German puppet state forced to do Nazi Germany's bidding, the real frontiers of Germany were moved 300 miles eastward. They now touch Rumania, front on Polish Ukrainian districts, reach within 90 miles of the Soviet Union...
...with very definite though unofficial links with Berlin. Mountainous and largely barren, the Carpatho-Ukraine was obviously expected to produce for Germany political rather than economic results. The Nazis' Ukrainian blueprints nominated it as the generating centre for a movement to "liberate" all Ukrainians from their present Polish, Rumanian and Russian masters and bring them under the benevolent protection of Führer Hitler...
...history of the Ukraine (meaning borderland) dates back to the 16th Century when thousands of "Little Russian" or Ukrainian fugitives fled from Poland to the banks of the Dnepr and there established the State of Dnepr Cossacks. Exasperated by successive Polish invasions, they finally appealed to Tsar Alexis Mikhailovich at Moscow for protection and placed themselves under his sovereignty. The Cossack nobility fused with the Russian nobility, the Ukrainian peasantry soon became an assimilated part of the Russian peasantry and for nearly 300 years there was little difference between the Little Russians of the Ukraine and the Great Russians...
...Ukraine than in some other parts of Russia. The same, however, cannot be said of Poland, where Ukrainian deputies recently were bold enough to demand autonomy for Galicia. The Nazi agitation for redistribution of land is likely to appeal to impoverished, disenfranchised, long-suffering Galician peasants. The Polish feudal rulers, caught between Naziism in the West and Communism in the East, are more likely, when faced with a final choice, to choose Hitler than Stalin...
...book fund "for the advancement of Polish Culture" was established by a bequest of Valentine P. Gawrychowski, of Chicopee, Massachusetts, Bishop of the Eastern Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church...