Word: polished
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...moment will be electric, and not only because John Paul helped inflame the fervor for freedom in his Polish homeland that has swept like brush fire across Eastern Europe. Beyond that, the meeting of the two men symbolizes the end of the 20th century's most dramatic spiritual war, a conflict in which the seemingly irresistible force of Communism battered against the immovable object of Christianity...
Huge crowds of workers also poured into the streets of Bratislava, the east Slovak industrial center of Kosice, the mining center of Ostrava on the polish border, and Usti nad Labem, the heart of industrial north Bohemia...
...Poles came to Chicago in three large waves. Between 1890 and 1930, more than 350,000 Polish peasants poured into the city to labor in the steel mills and meat-packing plants. Their descendants now live in the suburbs or in neat bungalows on Chicago's northwest and southwest sides. As Stalin's Iron Curtain fell across Eastern Europe after World War II, another flood of immigrants arrived, many of them soldiers who had fought with the Allied forces...
...latest migration began in the late 1970s, accelerating after martial law was declared in Poland in 1981. Among the 30,000 new Polonians to arrive in Chicago were cosmopolitan intellectuals who found they had little in common with their predecessors. "Polka is not a Polish dance," laughs Bozena Nowicka, who teaches Polish at Loyola University. "Pirogen is not a noble dish. Polish America is an archive for a culture that no longer exists." In June, Nowicka and 4,500 other new Polonians lined up outside the Polish consulate in Chicago to cast their votes in the historic election back home...
...Polish Solidarity leader, and the world, may have to wait considerably longer for any clear signal about what kind of post-cold war Europe the U.S. envisions, and what it may do to help create one. The progressive dissolution of the onetime Soviet Empire in Eastern Europe, symbolized by the opening of the Berlin Wall, raises the possibility of a historic turn toward peace and cooperation -- but also the danger of churning instability. So the questions are piling up: What can the West do to strengthen the democratic movements in Poland, Hungary and East Germany? What sort of relationship...