Word: polishers
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Some 300,000 women and children were sent to the interior from Warsaw. But many women stayed in harness, 20,000 joined an organization called W. P. K. Its founder, Maria Wittek, fought in the World War in the Polish Legion and against the Bolsheviks under Marshal Pilsudski. He later gave her special permission to study in the military officers' college. She holds a rank in the regular army, is Inspectorette of the W. P. K. Her followers, in pleated blue skirts, khaki shirts, blue Sam Browne belts and berets, were last week taking over jobs as guards, drivers, messengers...
...Another sore minority in Poland are the 4,500,000 Ukrainians in the South East. As recently as last April young Polish roughs were beating Ukrainian ringleaders with sticks and iron bars, wrecking their shops and buildings, on the grounds that, plotting revolt, they had hid munitions in churches, machine guns in homes. At that time Ukrainian politicians were said to be itching to throw off Polish shackles even if it meant taking on German ones. But last week Undo (Ukrainian National Democratic Union) declared that Ukrainians would fight beside, not against, Poles...
...amoeba of Europe. Since the Tenth Century the rhythm of its life has been grow, divide, grow, divide. The very first king to give Poland substantial nationhood (Boleslav, the Wry-mouthed, 1086-1139) split his inheritance between four sons. And the most recent man to contribute to Polish statehood, Marshal Pilsudski, similarly divided his power (though not his land) among three favorites...
...nature are the worst colonists in the world, regarded Poland as a colony. Edward Smigly-Rydz took neither to them nor to their theories of dynamic defense against modern fire power, preferred a strategy of enveloping attack, what Pilsudski called the strategy of "open spaces." During last year's Polish Army maneuvers, the German military attache asked what use Poland, with its terrible roads, had for tanks. The Marshal smiled and said: "Ah, but you have good roads." The Marshal is a scholar-technician rather than a leader-drillmaster. Like France's Maurice Gamelin, he is an admirer and close...
March 31. After consultation with Poland Chamberlain told the House of Commons: "In the event of any action . . . which the Polish Government . . . considered it vital to resist with their national forces, the [British] Government would feel themselves bound at once to lend the Polish Government all support in their power...