Word: polishers
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Matsushita is cautious but forward looking. The company has never had Sony's cosmopolitan polish, yet it was Matsushita's subsidiary JVC that developed the original VHS video technology in 1976. Tanii, then the youthful chief of Matsushita's fledgling VCR division, convinced his superiors that consumers would choose VHS over Sony's Betamax if they could also buy compatible videotaped entertainment...
...promised to make things better but never specified how they would accomplish that goal. Walesa called vaguely for "acceleration" of the transition toward free markets, decontrolled prices and private property. To that end, he vowed to be "a President with an ax," one who would force change through the Polish legislature and even rule by decree if necessary. But when he talked specifics, he tended to offer pierogi- in-the-sky proposals like his short-lived promise to give every worker 100 million zlotys, about $10,000, in government bonds...
East Europeans also want assurances that they are not to be poor relations forever. Old political divisions could be replaced by economic ones, warned Polish Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki at last week's Paris summit of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), "unless the split into a rich and a poor Europe, an A-class and a B-class Europe, is overcome." The leaders of the 34 states at the conference concluded by signing the Charter of Paris, a treaty marking the end of the cold war and the beginning of a new Europe committed to "prosperity...
...Soviet Union and hoping that its citizens remain tightly shackled. Should the Soviets do what the West has been urging for decades -- allow its citizens to travel abroad freely -- Poles fear a stampede westward into Poland. And if things get bad enough in the Soviet Union, which some Polish officials consider likely, many Soviets will come regardless of any change in regulations. "There is no way we can police the whole eastern border," says an official. "It is just too porous...
...same time, a growing number of West European countries are beginning to tighten controls along their eastern frontiers. Austria has dispatched troops to patrol borders once sealed by barbed-wire fences and watchtowers. | Germany is reviewing security arrangements along the Polish frontier, while promising to speed up visa issuance for legitimate travelers. "The worry for Western Europe is not just that the reforms will fail and the region will slip into anarchy and chaos," says Karsten Voigt of Germany's Social Democratic Party. "Even if reforms succeed, it will mean thousands of factories closed down and millions out of work...