Word: polishing
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Gorbachev again and again surmounted the mixed popular feelings with his friendly spontaneity and sheer star quality. He reminded many Poles of another crowd-pleasing occasional visitor, Pope John Paul II, except that the former Karol Cardinal Wojtyla of Cracow did not need to have his remarks translated into Polish. At many stops, copies of Gorbachev's book Restructuring and New Thinking were thrust into his face by fans seeking autographs. Gorbachev usually complied, though when a young fan at a wreath- laying ceremony in Warsaw passed his green neckerchief for a signature, the Soviet leader demurred...
Accompanied by Wife Raisa, Gorbachev boarded his Tu-154 jet for two carefully chosen side trips. The first was to Cracow, a seat of Polish kings beginning in the 10th century and symbol of the country's fiercely independent national identity. There Gorbachev offered a tacit gesture to the enduring power of the Roman Catholic Church, to which more than 90% of Poles belong. He and Raisa paid a 15-minute visit to the Church of St. Mary, touring its celebrated Gothic interior as guests of Auxiliary Bishop Jan Szkoden. The visit, said Bishop Szkoden, "seems to show...
...principal address to the Polish Sejm (parliament), Gorbachev profoundly disappointed even many conservative listeners by failing to deal forthrightly with the bitterest chapter in Soviet-Polish relations: the World War II massacre of 15,000 Polish army officers in the Katyn Forest, near Smolensk. The Soviets have long maintained that those murders were carried out by invading Nazi forces, but most Polish and many other historians believe they were ordered by Moscow. A joint Soviet-Polish historical commission was formed last year and given access to previously closed Soviet archives dealing with the matter. Many Poles had hoped that Gorbachev...
...host, who was widely rumored in Poland to be out of the Soviet leader's favor. "I regard Comrade Jaruzelski as my great friend," he said at one point. "I will tell you Poles directly you are very lucky to have such a man at this complicated stage of Polish history...
Dukakis formulated to himself the optimistic concept of the Redemptive Loss while he was at the Kennedy School of Government. But he did not go there like other defeated politicians, to trade campaign anecdotes for some academic polish. That would have been too much like going to Harvard for the social benefits. He went there as he had gone to Swarthmore, to compete and contribute...