Word: politburo
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Politburo Member Nikita Khruschev announced a "mass replacement of the [Communist] Party's leading personnel" in the Ukraine, the Soviet republic with the strongest separatist tendencies, and the area that suffered most from the war. Gone were "about half" of the Ukraine's executives, including 64% of the heads of regional Soviets and 67% of the directors of tractor stations. To replace their "bourgeois-nationalistic conceptions," Khruschev said that special party schools would be set up to give the new leaders (29 years after the founding of the Soviet Union) proper "ideological-political training...
...Leningrad, ruled by Politburo Member Andrei Zhdanov, was waging an esthetic purge. Two outstanding literary figures, Poetess Anna Akhmatova and Mikhail Zoshchenko (whom many Russians consider their best short story writer since Chekhov), were barred from all Soviet publications for "decadence" and "rotten lack of ideology." The literary magazine Leningrad was suspended and Zvezda condemned for ignoring "the vital foundation of the Soviet system, its political policy" and "spreading a spirit of obsequiousness to the contemporary bourgeois culture of the West." With obsequious haste, the Leningrad writers' union voted to abandon "the theory of pure art" and, instead, "train...
...Secretary-General to get control of the Party in his feud with Trotsky, he had Molotov as his assistant. Molotov's position in the tangled Soviet hierarchy has been riveted solidly to Stalin's ever since. In 1925 he became a full member of the potent Politburo. In 1930 Stalin made him premier of the U.S.S.R., a job he held through the decade of the Soviet Union's greatest growth. The approach of war turned the Kremlin's main attention from domestic to foreign affairs. None of the top-rank surviving Old Bolsheviks had specialized...
...lost on Molotov-especially that bloody part of the moral that relates to unity or "party discipline." Europe's radical parties in the time of Molotov's youth created futility out of internal dissension. Among the Old Bolsheviks themselves unity has been maintained by terror. Of the Politburo as it existed in 1925 when Molotov was raised to it, three men-Stalin, Voroshilov and Molotov-are left. Tomsky committed suicide; Kalinin and Dzerzhinsky died; Trotsky, Bukharin, Zinoviev, Rykov, Rudzutak, Petrovsky, Uglanov and Kamenev were all efficiently purged. In 1930 when he became Premier he told the secret...
...when Molotov was a veteran member of Russia's Politburo, McNeil was at Glasgow University, trying to make up his mind whether he was headed for the Scottish Presbyterian ministry or for politics. (In Scotland, up to a point, training for either is training for both.) His father, a shipwright, died that year, and his firm gave McNeil's mother a pension of ?26 a year ($125). "That," says McNeil, "was when I turned to Socialism...