Word: ponts
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...Percy Maxim, noise's bogeyman. Remarkable have been the Maine family of Maxims. Hudson Maxim, who started business as a printer, was the first to make smokeless powder in the U. S. Maxim, N. J. was named for him. He sold his powder inventions to E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co. and became their consulting engineer in time to make a fortune from the Spanish-American War. Later he invented other high explosives, projectiles and devices. He blew off his left hand in a powder experiment, got a false hand which he used dexterously at tennis...
Three enthusiastic young chemists of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. arose and addressed the Rubber Division of the American Chemical Society at Akron to describe the following experiment: By catalytic polymerization of acetylene they had produced mono-vinylacetylene. This they had treated with hydrogen chloride to obtain chloroprene. Polymerization of the chloroprene had resulted in a sub stance similar to the product obtained by vulcanizing rubber with sulphur. Stopping the polymerization at an intermediate point gave them ? Rubber. In short, they had produced synthetic rubber from acet ylene (product of coal and limestone), salt and water. While...
...from discouraged, he lectured on his experiments. One day a scout for the du Pont Co. heard him, immediately enlisted his aid. Du Pont was seeking a means of producing synthetic rubber, thought Father Nieuwiand might be on the right track. Two years later Father Nieuwland's divinylacetylene was treated with a vulcanizing agent and there was produced a material somewhat resembling rubber. It bounced...
Experiments continued at the du Pont Co.'s Jackson Laboratories and in Father Nieuwland's laboratory at Notre Dame. The chemists gave up working on divinylacetylene and concentrated on the more homely mono-vinylacetylene. They treated it with hydrogen chloride and first thing they knew they had a fine pot of chloroprene. Chloroprene differs from rubber's polymer, isoprene, only in that a chlorine atom replaces the methyl group, so after that the going was fairly easy. They had only to polymerize the chloroprene to the right point, and all of them were experienced polymerizers. When they finished they...
...enthusiastic du Pont Co. immediately christened their product Duprene, ordered a plant built at Deepwater, N. J. to manufacture rt commercially. Since it needs only acetylene, salt and water, it will not be expensive to make. Duprene looks like natural rubber, shows the same molecular makeup in xray, but is denser, more resistant to water absorption, to attacks by ozone, oxygen and other chemicals, to swelling by gasoline & kerosene. It is vulcanized by heat alone, without sulphur. At high temperatures it hardens slowly. Its powers of resistance are expected to give it many commercial uses now denied to rubber...