Word: poore
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Newark, N.J. His ambitions for Newark were as commendable as they were formidable. Lying across the Hudson River in sight of Manhattan's towers, Newark is a grimy, sprawling industrial ghetto, heir in full measure to nearly every urban malady of modern America. Its rich are few, its poor numerous, its population of 405,000 nearly equally and often acrimoniously divided between black and white. The miasma of the oil refineries in the nearby Jersey meadows hangs over the city, and so, too, does the pervasive smog of crime and corruption...
...income tax as a substitute for the nation's demeaning and generally ineffective welfare system. The Nixon Administration this year asked Congress to provide a minimum income for every American, though not quite in the way that he advocates. Friedman would abolish most other types of aid to the poor and substitute the income guarantee. It would provide direct cash grants that poverty-level families could spend any way they pleased. He argues that most current programs to help the poor either wind up aiding the better-off instead or place humiliating restrictions on what the poor can do with...
...economic reform, and he calls for an end to many politically sacred Government programs. A sampling of his ideas: FOOD STAMPS. "There is nothing you can do with stamps that you cannot do better by giving people money. The real drive behind food stamps is not to help the poor; it's to dispose of farm surpluses." Friedman calls the farm-subsidy program, which piles up huge surpluses in grain elevators, "a free-lunch program for mice and rats." PUBLIC HOUSING. "It was instituted in the 1930s to improve the housing of the poor, give the poor a sense...
...High-income people come off better. If you have property, you get the benefit of this, plus social security. The system redistributes income from the young (rich or poor) to the old (rich or poor). I think we ought to help the poor indiscriminately." GOVERNMENT PRIVILEGES. "All over the world, the predominant source of great increases in private fortunes over the past several decades has been Government privileges." For example, the issuance of radio-TV licenses is "an enormous giveaway of valuable capital sums to individuals who are not low-income people." Friedman also holds that the Federal Communications Commission...
...ready to do more than merely pay lip service to them. Next to inflation, recession and the need to end the Viet Nam War, the most talked-about subject among high executives is what role the corporation can play in reversing the decline of cities, building housing for the poor, finding and training blacks for jobs. Walter A. Haas Jr., president of San Francisco's Levi Strauss & Co., believes that industry's first big task is to put an end to polluting the environment. "We are debauching the country," he says. Meeting such new goals will plainly require some extraordinary...