Word: populares
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...lyrics like "Liberate our people from the dominion of the exploiter," he was one of the thousands forced by the Chilean army into the Santiago soccer stadium during the 1973 overthrow of Socialist Salvador Allende. In the stadium with his guitar, Jara began to sing some of his most popular songs; the waiting crowd joined in. The soldiers grabbed him, pulled away his guitar, and chopped off his hands--challenging him to "Try playing now" before killing him. The crowd watched, then followed him to their own deaths...
With widespread rumors of an imminent coup, the Peruvian military has published several statements promising to "respect democracy"; a once-popular, supposedly populist President Garcia has nevertheless sent his wife and children out of the country. Peru's United Left party now has an excellent chance of winning the 1990 elections--if these elections are held...
Those must have been gratifying words for Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who has repeatedly pushed for less talk and more work. But they were double- edged. The shovel brigade was not organized by the Communist Party but by a new, pro-perestroika grass-roots movement called the Estonian Popular Front. Since the group first emerged last April in the most northerly of the Soviet Union's three Baltic republics, similar movements have taken root and flourished in neighboring Latvia and Lithuania, attracting hundreds of thousands of followers. What unites them is the common goal of promoting greater regional autonomy...
...devolve more responsibility to local authorities. Visiting the region in August, Politburo member Alexander Yakovlev declared that "the national factor should become one more motive force of perestroika." Nowhere has Moscow's apparent about- face in the Baltics been more evident than in the guardedly favorable recognition given the popular fronts. When the Estonians held an organizational congress in Tallinn two weeks ago, Communist Party First Secretary Vaino Valjas brought greetings from Gorbachev. At the end of a similar conference in Riga last week, Latvian party leader Janis Vagris stressed that "Communists and members of the Popular Front have common...
This shrewd collaboration may be calculated to keep the party from losing the initiative and divert nationalist sentiment into controllable channels. But the tactic is not without risk. Concerned that 90% of the Popular Front members are Estonian, Russians who live in the Baltic republic have formed their own "international" movement. Estonian leader Valjas has urged Popular Front members to "avoid aggravating nationalist disputes...