Word: positrons
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...teams of experimenters-involving 300 scientists from eight countries, including the U.S.-turned to West Germany's new PETRA colliding beam accelerator in Hamburg. The powerful machine accelerates electrons to energies of 15 billion electron volts and sends them barreling head-on into their antimatter opposites, particles called positrons, coming at high speed from the opposite direction. In the past, when such experiments have been tried with other accelerators operating at lower energies, the debris from the electron-positron collisions has consisted of only two "jets," or streams, of hadrons...
...Caltech that Astronomer Maarten Schmidt discovered the nature of quasars, perhaps the most distant objects in the universe, that Theoretical Physicist Murray Gell-Mann described the way in which more than 100 subatomic particles are related, and that Physicist Carl D. Anderson discovered the positron, a fundamental particle with an electron's mass but a positive charge. The first successful U.S. orbiting satellite, Explorer I, was launched by the school's acclaimed Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which developed the principles that make jet flight possible...
...charge-either north or south. That charge, said Dirac, would be 68.5 times as strong as the charge on an electron. Or it would be some multiple of 68.5-say, 137. Scientists had good reason to respect Dirac's reasoning. He had earlier predicted the existence of a positron, or positively charged counterpart of the electron. The positron was subsequently discovered during cosmic-ray experiments in 1932, but the monopole proved more elusive. Physicists searched for it without success in everything from ocean-floor minerals to meteorites and moon rocks...
...Nature, Astrophysicist Robert M. Hjellming of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Green Bank, W. Va., argues the possibility of holes that are the complete antithesis of black holes. Such opposites are common enough-for example, the negatively charged electron and its antimatter version, the positively charged positron. But Hjellming's white holes are more than simply mirror images of black holes. They are sources of matter that could literally come from out of this world...
Physicists working on Bypass succeeded last month in producing and storing a high-energy positron beam. They have not yet been able to project positron...