Word: poznan
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Poland's present acceptance of Gomulka that prevents another Poznan riot from flaring up into a general revolt like that in Hungary. But if such a revolt should take place, Poland's intellectuals, students and soldiers would play a key part just as their counterparts did in Budapest. But what would Gomulka's role be? Would he play Nagy or Kadar? The answer to the question lies somewhere in Gomulka's curious balance between Communism and patriotism...
...Polish intellectuals broke loose. The unrest spread to the workers and peasants. All Stalin's successors could think of was to order Jakub Berman and other hated leaders to disappear. Party Secretary Bierut died fortuitously in Moscow, Deputy Premier Mine took ill. In July came the riots at Poznan. Someone in Moscow remembered Gomulka, the one man who, because of his war record, his persecution, but most of all his patriotism, could perhaps win public sympathy and stem the rising tide of revolt. Ailing Gomulka was taken from his cottage and sent to Sochi on the Black...
Breathing Space. The Polish Communist leaders had settled for "gradualism." The question is: Will a gradual transition to national Communism satisfy the Polish people? The Poznan trials had sparked a vast flare-up of national feeling in Poland. Peasant farmers abandoned their collective farms (280 farms dissolved in the Szczecin district alone), workers took over factories, and university students demonstrated all over the country. The situation paralleled that in Hungary, except that the Communist leadership apparently reacted in time, and so earned a breathing space. Now something of a hero for his defiance of Khrushchev, Gomulka is using every available...
...From the Poznan riots to the Battle of Budapest, the one voice which should have been heard above the tumult of revolt was that of Yugoslavia's Marshal Tito. For "Titoism," if not Tito, was at the bottom of most of the trouble. Yet Tito had little to say while events were going further than he intended. Like any dictator, he wanted no dictation from the streets. Last week Tito spoke...
...Risk. These were the prepared positions to which the Kremlin could move if and when necessary. Events in Hungary had suggested a slight retreat; out went Stalinist Rakosi and in came Gero, also a Stalinist but less notoriously so. In Poland, the Poznan defense lawyers were allowed unheard-of freedom. Khrushchev boasted recently in Moscow (to Italy's junketing No. 2 Red, Luigi Longo) that his rein-loosening program was popularizing and perpetuating Soviet Communism in the satellites. In theory, it may have been a sound risk...