Word: pre-columbian
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...alone may have been responsible for the disappearance of more than 100 species of large animals like the woolly mammoth, hunted mainly for food [SCIENCE, June 18]. Stone Age hunters didn't have to use "pointy sticks" to kill the megafauna. They might well have employed the techniques of pre-Columbian hunters in North America who killed large numbers of bison by herding them over cliffs. The Stone Age megafauna may have quite literally been "driven to extinction." JOSEPH J. CARVAJAL Brevard...
This collection is notably strong in African, pre-Columbian and post-1945 art. But many families start out in the Gateway Gallery, with its family-oriented exhibits and Discovery Room. Its current interactive display, "Stories in Art," includes a three-dimensional version of The Peaceable Kingdom. "I don't know if this kind of space is a part of all museums, but it should be," says Jeff Dole of Dallas, who often takes kids Andrew, 11; Jack, 3; and Jena, 1. "I want to instill in my children a way to express themselves, whether musically or artistically...
Most of the language schools are in the pre-Columbian city of Quito, although a score have opened in Cuenca, a mountain community 35 minutes by air to the south. Nearly half the language students are more than 40 years old, with as many from Europe as the U.S. They study Spanish to prepare for travel, to scout retirement sites--or just to learn something new. They are attracted by Ecuador's diverse cultures and spectacular topography. Off-hours, the adventuresome can trek in the nearby Andes...
...Repeated over the years, the combination of drought, human despoiling and fire can transform wet tropical forest into permanent savanna. So argues Bruce Nelson, an ecologist who has worked since 1979 with inpa, the Brazilian institute for the study of the Amazon. Nelson believes pre-Columbian Indians created the Gran Sabana in Venezuela, a 75,000-sq-km area of veld stretching across the southeast corner of the country, by repeated burning of the forest. As evidence, he points out that unlike neighboring natural grasslands, the Gran Sabana lacks fire-tolerant tree species. In other words, forests burned down hundreds...
...reference to the original great oaks on the site, several of which are still standing, with the eighteenth-century name 'Dumbarton,' taken from the Rock of Dumbarton in Scotland." Harvard has owned the property since 1940. Scholars use Dumbarton Oaks resources for Byzantine studies, landscape architecture studies and Pre-Columbian studies. The public has access to some of the resources, including the gardens. And the gardens are famous. Created by landscape gardener Beatrix Jones Farrand, they are probably among the most beautiful in the world...