Word: premodern
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...facts on the ground, experts say, do not fully support Beijing's claim. "China is trying to impose this idea of a coherent nation-state," says Gray Tuttle, professor of Tibetan studies at Columbia University in New York. "But it is basing its claim on a premodern cultural world where there was nothing like a modern state." Not only was Chinese control over Tibet thin until the 1950s, but Tibetan rule over Tawang was nominal as well. Beyond the appointment of certain abbots in monasteries and the occasional payment of taxes to Lhasa, the people living there...
Much of Kandinsky's early work drew on the folk art he encountered in Germany and in Russia. The works depict an ideal premodern Russia full of riders, onion domes and walled towns. But even in these first paintings, bright colors were used for effect, not naturalism - trees could be red, hills and horses blue. Pure color would become the central focus of his best works, a focus he pondered in his 1911 manifesto of abstraction, Concerning the Spiritual in Art. Art, he wrote in the book, comes from within, from "inner necessity," and colors and shapes speak to people...
Historically, acquiring meat was a role performed by men, as hunters, while women, as gatherers, were responsible for obtaining vegetables. Studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship in premodern societies between women’s empowerment and the importance of meat: The more limited women’s economic position as food providers, the more circumscribed their social status. Processing plants may have replaced man in his role as hunter, but he still demands control over the preparation and cooking of meat, most notably through the masculine pastime of “grilling...
...Phillips also had a special message for the Vietnamese-American audience. “Do not forget your Vietnamese roots; keep them and nourish them with pride,” he said. During the two-day event, the summit featured speakers and smaller presentations about premodern and modern Vietnamese history, the current economic and political state of the country, and humanitarian efforts in Vietnam. One favorite of many attendees was a presentation about Vietnamese poetry and music by Nguyen Ngoc Bich, a translator and lecturer specializing in Vietnamese literature. Many students said this was their first time being exposed...
...first day was just me,” says Vito A. Cannavo ’10, the lone student in History 1619: “Premodern Vietnam.” “I was the only person there.” Falling asleep in this class is simply not an option...