Word: prewar
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Beckmann's art jangles with the banjo beat and brassy horns of a prewar Berlin nightclub. Despair dresses up in a mauve derby and dirty spats, strutting stiffly around a shallow, klieg-lit stage like a man who has a pocketful of cash and a pawn ticket on his soul. Beckmann painted as if his eyes were taped open; yet his vision of man's fate is shot through with blinding compassion. So endowed, his art ages little, as shown in his first retrospective currently on view at Manhattan's Museum of Modern Art, including more than...
MacArthur's career is traced in old film clips from the prewar Philippines (young Ike appears as a fresh-faced staff officer running messages for "imperious" Mac) through the Pacific and Korean wars. MacArthur's military accomplishments are somewhat grudgingly acknowledged, but to prove his thesis what Truman seizes on with evident relish are such anecdotes as that of the general who had thought MacArthur's father was the most egotistical and self-centered man on earth-until he met MacArthur himself...
While prosperity has dissipated the left's enmity for capitalism, private enterprise in Europe has undergone some changes itself. It has rejected its narrow prewar devotion to low wages, high prices, restricted markets and forbidding tariffs, and is openly trying to emulate U.S. business. Instead of producing a limited number of high-cost goods for a market composed of the rich, Europe's new capitalists have created a mass consumer market based on economy-sized cars, readymade clothing, expanding paychecks and easy installment plans. In doing so, they have not only doubled production while reducing the work week...
Seeds of Shortage. Czechoslovakia's economic troubles stem from the inflexible imposition of Marxist rules on the economy. Prewar Czechoslovakia was famous for sophisticated consumer goods, from Skoda automobiles to Bohemian glass; its living standard was among Europe's highest, and the country emerged from the war relatively undamaged. Then the Communists, who seized power in 1948, gradually switched much of the country's economy over to heavy industry...
...many ways, the U.S. was lucky to have Hull as Secretary of State in the prewar years. Though a Wilsonian liberal, he had the respect of the nation's conservatives. He helped swing national opinion from isolationism to internationalism. But like his mentor Wilson, he was too didactic, too cocksure of his own principles. By believing that the United Nations would solve all the world's problems and make obsolete the cold realities of Communist hostility, he contributed to the bad peace that followed World...