Word: pricing
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...course, are always happy to talk to a stranger on the theory that he or she may turn out to be a customer. Unfortunately, so many well-known collectors pound the pavements on Saturday afternoons that the amateur buyer is apt to be abandoned in the middle of a price list. Artists giving a show can be approached easily enough by way of a compliment, preferably sincere. After that, the ball must be kept rolling to produce the desired results. Technical questions are usually safest, for example, "Tell me, Mr. Bannard, which particular shades of Dutch Boy house paints...
...issue are Europe's so-called value-added taxes, or VAT, a complex substitute for sales and excise taxes. Washington contends that VAT penalizes American exports and gives a substantial price advantage to many European goods shipped into the U.S. Concern has heightened since the U.S. foreign trade surplus shrank from almost $8 bil lion in 1964 to $726 million...
America's Burden. Under the VAT sys tem, companies at each stage of manufacture add a standard percentage of tax - 11% in West Germany, 12.5% in Denmark - to the difference between what they paid for the materials and the price at which their products are sold. Consumers ultimately pay the en tire levy as part of the price of almost everything they buy. In Paris, used car dealers drove through town last week in protest against the new 25% VAT "luxury" rate on their cars. In Amsterdam, a restaurant owner, cooks and waiters recently staged a mock funeral procession...
Although France adopted the value-added tax in 1954, the U.S. grew seriously concerned only after the entire Common Market decided to copy it. When Germany made the switch to VAT last year, one immediate effect was a 2% drop in the export price of steel, machinery and other goods. The Netherlands introduced VAT Jan. 1 with similar results. Denmark and Sweden have joined the rush; Norway, Belgium and Italy will do so next Jan. 1, and Britain is considering...
...charts first appeared more than 80 years ago, when investors found that they could often trace - and turn a profit from - the operations of stock-market manipulators by keeping running graphs on the price and volume of trad ing in individual stocks. Today's chart ists have created considerable bafflegab, but they have also devised some simple patterns by which to follow the swings of the smart money (see chart) and watch for new patterns. Among the com mon signs of change...