Word: priore
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Prior to entering the white-dwarf stage, however, an aging star cools and balloons into a red giant. And that, the Ruhr researchers speculate, is probably what Sirius B was when the Babylonians--and then the Greeks, Romans and Franks--gazed skyward. To the unaided eyes of the ancients, the two closely spaced stars looked like a single pinpoint, with a decided reddish tint imparted by the dominating giant. The combined light of the binary pair would certainly have been brighter than it is today, and indeed Babylonian cuneiforms tell of Sirius' being visible in the daytime...
...some 27 million people during the years 1958 to 1962. By 1961 Deng and President Liu Shaoqi had realized the enormity of the miscalculation and set about correcting it. At a tense party plenum that Mao did not attend (so that Liu, Deng and others could gainleader ship experience prior to the Chairman's death), they announced measures reinstating private farming plots, peripheral industries like hog raising and more extensive free markets. In industry, managers and technicians were to take over from party bureaucrats. On a limited scale these programs foreshadowed Deng's second revolution. Mao was furious when...
...central government chose Jiang because it was deeply frustrated with Shanghai's sluggish response to Deng Xiaoping's economic dreams. Almost three years ago, at Deng's urging, the city was given extraordinary freedom to handle foreign trade and investment. No longer was prior approval from Peking necessary to launch export programs. The city could enter into joint ventures with foreign countries, raise international capital and invite bids for construction projects. If all went well, Shanghai, already responsible for one-sixth of China's foreign-exchange earnings and one-eighth of its industrial production, would emerge as a sort...
...well with some of his academic colleagues. They point out that over the past two decades Harvard, Berkeley and a host of other schools, wary of Government influence but still eager for federal research grants, have set up policies to ensure that no research is secret or subject to prior review. Now the Safran incident has resurrected the thorny question of whose research money is clean and whose is not. One of the Harvard center's defrocked committeemen, Richard N. Frye, denounced the Spence report as a "whitewash" that ignored the broad effect on scholarly integrity. An academic who bowed...
...Indeed, some coastal towns have been whaling for centuries. Yet few Japanese ate whale prior to the lean postwar years, before General Douglas MacArthur encouraged it as a cheap, abundant source of protein. Japan took to it with gusto, and that meant boom times for fishing ports like Ayukawa, where boats brought back as many as 600 whales a year. "In so many ways?food, culture, tourism?everything was based on whaling," says 67-year-old Yusa, whose family has been in whaling for two generations. That prosperity died when commercial whaling was banned by the IWC in 1986. Japan...