Word: priories
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Thus James rejects the primacy of the subject-object split. Distinctions between subject and object, inner and outer, self and not-self do not impress him as constituting a priori givens. Rather, he views them as "results of a later classification performed by us for particular needs." The classification or categorization is made for its utility, for its survival value; this should recall the influence of Darwin. Animals do not have a sense of self--they live in a state prior to Cogito ergo sum. So do infants. And this leads at last to Freud and his developmental scheme...
...success of group practice and cooperative insurance plans has shown that third-party payment need not lower the quality of care. Indeed, removing doctors from the business of medicine might free more of their energies for the art and science of medicine. There is no a priori reason why fee-for-service is necessary for maintaining standards within a profession. Moreover, since when visiting a doctor the public knows nothing about the good which is being purchased, fee-for-service yields no index of consumer satisfaction with the care received...
...final analysis, the argument for American and African unity rests on the undemonstrable--and perhaps slightly paranoid--act of pure faith which asserts a priori that whites and Negroes per se cannot understand one another nor collaborate in an atmosphere of equality and mutual respect. One thing is certain: the surest way to prevent equality is to convince everyone of such a thesis. Paranoid presuppositions rapidly become self-fulfilling prophecies. The ideal of equality is not refuted, it is merely rendered historically impossible by ideologies which generate racial distrust...
...replacement for scientific communication but as a supplement." A pluralism of approaches to understanding behavior is just as useful as a pluralism of means of transportation; if the danger of the trip can be minimized, nature is more likely to be an enlightening conductor than a priori human reason...
There is no a priori reason to suppose his methods less fruitful than the more established techniques of clinical psychology; if they are to be condemned, it should be only because experiments will show that they fail...