Word: prisms
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Edward Bausch invented the iris diaphragm shutter which made the snapshot camera practical. Later he made a deal with the late great Ernst Abbe, head of the Carl Zeiss Works of Jena, to make Zeiss prism binoculars in the U. S., trading Bausch manufacturing for Zeiss research facilities. The deal held good until the War, when Bausch perforce perfected the U. S. manufacture of fine optical glass, made 3,500 binoculars a week (besides periscopes, range finders, gun sight telescopes, searchlight mirrors). War demands mechanized the manufacture of microscopes. Prices fell from over $1,000 for hand-worked ones...
Because Professor Allison's magneto-optical apparatus is his own contrivance, many a scientist doubted his discoveries. A few used similar machines, notably Professor Joseph Llewellyn McGhee of Emory University, Atlanta. Light from an electric spark is polarized by a Nicol prism, then sent through a cell containing carbon disulfide, a second cell containing a water solution of any substance to be tested; lastly through a second analyzing Nicol prism. Each of the two cells is surrounded by a coil of electric wire which becomes an electromagnet. The coils are so wound that the swings of the magnets...
...built a microscope-objective (the lower lens, system of a microscope). Above this objective is an aperture in the bar, and directly over the aperture is a light. The light illuminates a cell placed on a slide in the aperture. By an arrangement of prisms placed periscope-wise in the bar, the image of the cell is carried through the microscope-objective, to one prism, then to the other, then through the upper lens of the microscope to the eyepiece, which is directly above the axis. The bar is then rotated at the rate of 8.000 revolutions a minute...
...ordinary motion picture camera. The subject is placed under the microscope and the are light is focused through it. The light first has to pass through water, however, in order to prevent the heat from destroying the microscopic subjects of the filming. The microscope is equipped with a prism that divides the light sending ninety per cent of it to the camera and the remaining ten per cent to the eye of the photographer, who is by this contrivance enabled to watch the actions of the thing that he is filming. This prismatic arrangement is the reason for the strides...