Word: problem
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...Denial was a problem too. Shortly before Bobb took over, Detroit's school board okayed a budget that it claimed had an $8 million surplus. Bobb's assessment showed a budget deficit of $303.5 million. He's since reduced the deficit partly by trimming the system's job rolls from about 14,000 to about 13,000. He's closed 29 of the district's 194 schools and hired outside firms to restructure 17 others. And in what may be his most inspired move, Bobb has asked some 2,600 volunteers to donate 360,000 hours to helping kids read...
...quarter of a century, he and other AIDS scientists had been whiffing repeatedly, failing to make contact as HIV stymied them again and again. Powerful drugs to foil HIV could do only so much. To corral the epidemic and truly prevent HIV, only a vaccine would do. The problem was that no vaccine strategy had ever succeeded in blocking the virus from infecting new hosts, and that wasn't likely to change in the near future. "It struck a special chord with me," says Ho of the baseball image. "I think it accurately pictured our chance of success...
Since that meeting, much has changed, but the fundamental problem of developing an effective AIDS vaccine remains. On the positive side, in 2009, scientists announced that they had developed the first vaccine to show any effect against HIV infection - although that effect is, by all measures, modest. The vaccine's ability to reduce the risk of new HIV infection 31% is nowhere near the 70% to 90% that public-health experts normally view as a minimum threshold for an infectious-disease vaccine. Even further behind in development, but still promising, are two new antibodies identified by a group of researchers...
That's the beautifully elegant scenario that attracted Ho to the antibody, but the problem is that tying up CD4 this way may not be such a good idea. Taking so many of the body's essential defense cells out of commission means the patient may be left vulnerable to any number of other infectious agents - exactly the immunocompromised position that AIDS patients are trying to avoid. That was the fear that Ho's lab members expressed when he broached the idea...
...decide whether to send two paratroop divisions into a sector where 9 out of 10 would probably be slaughtered. He eventually decided the troops were essential to the mission, and for years after that, he said, "I felt that only once in a lifetime could a problem of that sort weigh as heavily on a man's mind and heart." Then he became President and found a comparable burden, "when one man must conscientiously, deliberately, prayerfully scrutinize every argument, every proposal, every prediction, every alternative, every probable outcome of his action, and then - all alone - make his decision." (See pictures...