Word: profiting
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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However, the survey by the New York-based, non-profit group that studies reproductive issues suggests that women in various categories have a statistically disproportionate share of abortions relative to their raw numbers...
After severe and mysterious financial losses last year, the Bach Society Orchestra has recovered from a large debt and is now operating with a profit, club officers said yesterday...
Fedorov is far from it. Last year his restaurant earned a profit of 600,000 rubles on revenues of 2 million rubles. Some of Fedorov's fellow Soviet citizens feel threatened by his success. For example, he wants to buy a farm to ensure himself a supply of quality produce and meat. But fighting his way through a bureaucratic maze to get the requisite permits is a thankless task. "Rather than create opportunities for real competition," he says, "these ministries are trying to tie our hands. I go to the ministry, and they say what I want...
Fedorov's experience of fortune mixed with frustration is typical of the thriving entrepreneurs -- capitalists without the name -- who exemplify a key but controversial part of Mikhail Gorbachev's economic-reform program, the cooperative movement. In 1987 Gorbachev proposed the formation of privately owned, profit-oriented cooperative enterprises to supplement and even compete with state-run projects. The primary goal of his proposal, which in many respects echoed Lenin's quasi-capitalist New Economic Policy of 1921, was to inject vitality into the U.S.S.R.'s laggard consumer goods and services industries. In addition, the new co-ops would pay taxes...
...primary obstacle for managers trying to balance their books is their inability to set prices. By dictating everything from salaries to the price of finished goods, Moscow planners rob factories of any incentive to hold down costs or make a profit. For example, the prices of labor and raw materials are kept so artificially low that factory managers live in a financial fantasy land. "Right now factory managers don't know when they're doing a good job. They can say they're profitable even though they're selling tractors for $2,000 when they should be selling them...