Word: projected
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Stobaugh, Yergin and their Project colleagues avoid this trap. They rule out natural gas as a solution, arguing that the deregulation of interstate prices will not make substantial additions to U.S. gas reserves. Coal's contribution in the short term is uncertain because uncertain demand for the fuel by electrical utilities has made the railroads, coal's key transportation link, hesitant to upgrade their service. Moreover, opposition to the environmental hazards of coal usage (which include black lung disease, the scarring of the land by strip mining, and air, water and thermal pollution) cause the Project to condemn coal...
Therefore, the U.S. has the choice of either importing more oil or turning to conservation and solar energy. The Project opts for the latter. Imported oil presents risks other than supply cutoffs and higher prices. There are external costs as well, such as a slowing of economic growth, higher unemployment and inflation and balance of payments deficits, along with "increased tension suspicion among the nations of the West...
...Energy Project believes the United States could reduce energy consumption by 30 to 40 per cent through conservation and "still enjoy the same or an even higher standard of living." The key is the encouragement of "productive conservation"; that is, using energy more efficiently. In the transportation sector, the Project, recognizing that the automobile is likely to remain an American fixture, recommends more stringent gasoline mileage standards instead of massive investment in mass transit. The government should grant very high tax credits to industry for mundane improvements like furnace maintenance, lighting adjustments, plugging leaky steam traps, recovering, installing insulation...
...PROJECT CALCULATES the application of available solar technology could provide 7 to 23 per cent of the United States' energy needs by the year 2000. The Project is not referring to massive, multibillion dollar power stations in space which beam electricity back to earth via microwave (a NASA pet project). Rather, it is talking about solar houses and hot water heating, windmills, wood burning and hydraulic power. Modeste A. Maidique, assistant professor at the Business School, writes...
Again, the main obstacle to the wide adoption of solar has been the lack of adequate economic incentives. Solar projects do not pay for themselves quickly enough to be worthwhile. The Project believes government incentives--such as the 55 to 60 per cent tax credit that California currently grants homeowners who install solar heating--would overcome this hurdle and permit solar to take a prominent place in the fight against imported...