Word: protection
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...CITES secretariat, a Lausanne- based bureaucracy that monitors the ivory trade. Together, the industry and regulators argue that a legal trade based on ivory from natural elephant mortality and culling produces revenues for wildlife management and for the benefit of local African communities as an incentive to protect the herds...
...some peril. Even if the ivory trade winds down, the elephant will face increasing encroachment from Africa's fast-growing human populations. African farmers or herdsmen trying to eke out a living covet the vast habitats set aside for animals and cannot understand why scarce financial resources go to protect elephants while people go hungry. To many Africans, the elephant is a five-ton nuisance that can trample a season's maize in seconds. As long as they feel that way, they will turn a blind eye to poaching. Revenues from tourism and safaris have yet to improve...
Even so, American's Crandall is as tough as barbed wire and likely to unleash a counterattack to protect his company. Crandall has a proprietary attitude, having crafted the airline's go-go expansion since he became company president in 1980. He invented the frequent-flyer program and instituted the first supersaver fares. To cut labor costs, Crandall introduced a two-tier wage system under which younger hires were paid less than veteran workers. "Crandall won't give up easily," says an industry hand. "He sees American as his company. Trump's bid is a slap in his face...
Some industry watchers think American could turn to hometown partners for help. Rumor had it that certain members of the billionaire Bass family of Fort Worth might take a large friendly stake in the company, as they did to protect the Walt Disney Co. from a raid several years ago. Or Crandall might borrow money to create an Employee Stock Ownership Plan to achieve the same goal...
Years ago, Wakamba tribesmen poached in Tsavo, using arrows tipped with poison. Now Somali gangs, including many former soldiers, spray whole families of elephants with automatic-weapon fire. Not all Tsavo's poachers have been outsiders to the park. Some who are paid to protect the elephants -- wardens and rangers -- are also suspect. The evidence: Woodley and others have extracted .303-cal. bullets from carcasses. "The only people who use .303s are the rangers," he says. Numerous carcasses have been found near the rangers' headquarters. And when the park's patrol plane is grounded for inspection, the poachers quickly appear...