Word: proteins
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Death from a bee sting is not rare. In 1936, some 20 people in New England alone were stung, developed anaphylactic shock, died. Anaphylaxis is the opposite of immunity, results occasionally when a minute injection of some foreign protein, such as bee sting, makes the system extraordinarily susceptible to further injections of the same protein (TIME, Aug. 31, 1936). Nobody knows exactly how bee sting works except that it may either kill or cure...
Theory of sting-treatment is based on the nonspecific protein principle. Arthritis is due to some poisonous protein, as yet undefined. The body stores up certain protein-digesting compounds which combat all poisonous proteins. An injection of foreign protein stimulates production of more defensive substances or enhances their strength...
...make silk, the silk worm reduces the cellulose in mulberry leaves to a protein liquid which it spins into a cocoon. Result of man's learning to imitate this technique is the 45-year-old rayon industry. A major source for the cellulose is "dissolving pulp," wood pulp processed further than for making newsprint. Last week, the largest "dissolving pulp" company in the world, Rayonier Inc., announced "the highest earnings in the history of the company and its predecessors"-$3,124,703 for the twelve months ended April 30; this was almost a million more than for the previous...
...White found that his crystal was a heavy protein. In a way, this was unfortunate. In no case has the structural formula, or atomic architecture, of any protein molecule been mapped out by biochemists. It has been calculated that if a typical protein consists of 30 amino acids (protein structural units), 18 of which are different, the number of possible molecular arrangements is about 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. Young Dr. White made the point that the mystery of protein structure must be cleared up before scientists can understand how the hormones exert their obscure...
...develops substances which destroy certain germs and viruses that invade the body, or 2) body tissues develop resistance to agents of disease. Neither explanation covers the temporary immunity to infantile paralysis which distemper confers on monkeys. Dr. Dalldorf reasoned that "both viruses require, for their propagation, a common cell protein or other substance which the conjugation of the first virus exhausts and thereby prevents the multiplication of [the] other virus." If he and his associates are correct, they believe that they have discovered "a new immunity mechanism in the virus field." And if they have done so, they may also...