Word: proteins
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...even then, Subramaniam added, the Indian food problem may be far from over. Indians, with their stomachs full of cereal grains, will still face the serious problem of protein starvation. For lack of protein, Subramaniam said, 35% to 40% of the 20 million babies born in India each year eventually suffer some degree of brain damage. Often those who are afflicted are so stunted physically and mentally that by the time they reach school age, they are "unable to concentrate sufficiently to absorb and retain knowledge. We are producing millions of subhumans annually...
Religious Taboos. Medical experts are not so certain as the Indian politician that protein deficiency always results in such dreadful and irreversible deterioration. But the problem remains acute. Perhaps a third of India's 510 million people do not get enough protein-a basic building block of life-and even an end to the food shortage will not fill this critical lack. Though India has one-fifth of the world's cattle, religious taboos keep its per capita consumption of beef, a chief source of protein, the lowest of any major country's. Poverty and scarcity...
India's nutritionists have always found it far easier to develop protein supplements than to get Indians to eat them. The high-protein gruel, Balahar ("nutritious child's food" in Hindi), concocted of wheat, peanuts and powdered milk, has been widely distributed in drought-stricken Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh states. But mothers often withhold the protein-rich lentil dal from their babies because they believe it upsets young stomachs...
Fish & Peanuts. In an attempt to overcome such resistance, an energetic U.S. effort under former White House Aide Alan Berg, 35, is helping the government improve the Indian diet with such techniques as the addition of the protein-building amino acid lysine to wheat, tea and other staples of the Indian diet. A search for new foods is also under way. Only last week a U.S. Interior Department team arrived in India to discuss construction of a fish-protein-concentrate factory, and Dow Chemical is joining with a Bombay company to produce peanut flour...
Wald later discovered that the three pigments of vision are all composed of vitamin A linked to a protein. The difference in the pigments, he found, was due to the difference in the proteins. Wald's wife, Ruth Hubbard, discovered that vision depends on the shape of the vitamin A molecule, and that the role of light is to change the shape of the molecule, triggering the vision process. After that, she found, light plays no role in vision...