Word: proteins
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...represser and combined with it chemically. With a sophisticated technique, they allowed radioactive lactose-like molecules that served as tracers to be attracted by a concentrate of bacteria cell material. Isolating and analyzing the substance that had combined with the tracer molecules, they discovered that it was a large protein molecule - their long-sought "lactose represser...
Bursting Bacteria. In an equally complex experiment with the same type of bacteria cells, Harvard Molecular Biologist Mark Ptashne discovered a second represser - a smaller protein molecule that prevents the bacteria from bursting when they are attacked by viruses. Ptashne's experiment also indicated that the represser turned off the appropriate cell genes by binding itself tightly to them, somehow preventing the production of an enzyme in the process...
Though few people outside medicine and biology know the word, collagen is one of the most important constituents of the human body, making up 30% of its protein. In bone and tooth enamel, its long chains of molecules serve the same purpose as that of steel reinforcing rods in concrete. In mobile tissues' such as tendons, arteries and heart valves, they are like flexible steel wires. And despite the unfamiliarity of its name, collagen (from the Greek kolla, or glue, and pronounced col-uh-jen) has been popular in the humblest homes for centuries. When the hides and bones...
...hake* and related species. They must be iced as soon as caught, like all other fish for human consumption. In processing, though the whole fish is used, some bone is removed to keep the fluoride content below 100 parts per-million. The final flour of "FPC" parts (fish protein concentrate) must contain 75% protein and practically...
...tremendous breakthrough in the war on hunger," and added: "It may be the greatest boon to mankind in helping to give him a sound body and a sound mind since, I guess, the beginning of time." To spread the wealth of fish flour, the U.S. will help three protein-starved nations, as yet unnamed, to set up pilot plants for its production...