Word: proteins
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...determination of the molecular structure of the two oxygen-carriers ranks as one of the most spectacular achievements of molecular biology. Perutz' picture of the "architecture" of hemoglobin, the protein of red blood cells, represents almost 25 years of intensive research and was made possible by his discovery of a new experimental method of X-ray analysis...
...book Proteins and Nucleic Acids, Perutz compares protein molecules to animals, in the sense that both have a "three-dimensional anatomy laid out to a definite plan, rigid in some parts and flexible in others, with perhaps some minor variations in different individuals of the same species...
...structure of many viruses in their conventional forms is well known. They consist of a core of nucleic acid-either ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-wrapped in a protein overcoat. It is in this form that they are most readily detectable. And also, it appears, most active: the naked nucleic acid alone (stripped of its overcoat by delicate chemical means) can produce most of the effects of the whole virus, but it is a thousand times less powerful. Evidently, the researchers suggest, the virus needs to be "carefully packaged for safe transmission." One effective package design is like...
...foreign operations, Van Camp tries hard to make friends. It employs nearly 3,000 locally hired workers abroad, keeps its U.S. supervisory staff to a bare minimum. In both Peru and Ecuador, its canneries produce fish byproducts that the company sells at cost to supplement the low-protein native diet. In Ecuador the company has enabled local fishermen to own boats by giving them loans and taking a cut of each catch until the debt is paid...
Nearly 80% of General Mills' sales come from flour, consumer foods, and such specialty products as high-protein soybean meal. The rest of its sales come from a strange hodgepodge of activities: chemicals and electronic components divisions which are the remains of a long-abandoned diversification effort that once even had the company producing two-man submarines. Rawlings plans to continue these offshoots but stresses that "our greatest opportunities for profits and growth lie in the convenience food business...