Word: proteins
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...understatement. Having the genome in hand will almost certainly be seen as one of the crowning achievements of the new century, no matter what else happens in the next 100 years. The genome--or, more precisely, the individual genes it contains--spell out the instructions for constructing the protein building blocks of every cell in every tissue of the body. This so-called book of life will inevitably reveal secrets of both health and disease, promising new treatments for virtually every malady that afflicts us. Heart disease, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, mental illnesses of all sorts will almost...
...University of California, San Diego, and emerged six years later with a Ph.D. in physiology and pharmacology. Within a few years, he landed at the National Institutes of Health, where he began trying to locate and decode a gene that governs production of a brain-cell protein. The work was agonizingly slow, and when he heard about a computerized machine that used lasers to automatically identify the chemical letters in DNA, he went out and bought a prototype--even though his NIH bosses wouldn...
DIED. KENNETH BRINKHOUS, 92, University of North Carolina medical researcher who developed the first effective treatment for hemophilia; in Chapel Hill, N.C. Brinkhous' early research showed that some hemophiliacs could not produce a bloodclotting protein that was later dubbed Factor VIII. One of his seminal discoveries was a way to use blood plasma to aid in replacing the missing protein...
...Doctors compared the toenails and fingernails of postmenopausal women who took the supplements with those who didn't. Result? There was no difference in nail strength, appearance or rate of growth between the groups. Turns out that nail quality has more to do with protein content and the arrangement of certain cells than the amount of calcium in the diet...
...majority of Parkinson’s patients, whose brains also grow gummed up, do not carry the mutation. Still, scientists are convinced that the bad gene is a powerful clue. "There appear to be more clumps in the brains of people with the mutant gene," says Zigmond. "Learning how the protein functions may help us develop drugs that target...