Word: proteins
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...scientists bred strains of mice with extra copies of a gene coded for a protein that can facilitate communication between neurons. Since one popular theory of memory relates this primary mental capacity to an organism's ability to make associations--say, between a bee's buzz and the pain of its bite--this enhanced communication might promote the recording of associations within the brain, thus creating memories...
...worrying about putting the kids through Harvard. Or, in this case, Princeton, where a team of researchers have modified a single gene to produce smarter mice. According to a study to be published in Thursday's edition of Nature, mice whose brains were made to produce more of the protein NR2B became more adept at those traditional benchmarks of rodent intelligence, recognizing previously encountered Lego blocks and realizing when they are about to get an electric shock. The researchers essentially increased the ability of the mice to learn by strengthening the synaptic connections in their brains...
...More promise may lie in a sort of mimicry, studying the body?s own approach to fighting cells that go bad ? and Thursday saw some success on that front too. Publishing in Science magazine, a team from the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston have identified a protein, called Fas ligand, that they think is the body?s own treatment for skin cancer from within. You may know it as peeling. "The body?s traditional respose to mutation is ?You change, you die,?" says Gorman. "When a skin cell sustains enough sun damage to its DNA that it may turn...
Pappas says that this information is essential for athletes aiming to lose fat and add muscle with a low fat, high protein diet...
...Papas' partners, Tim Kurtz, runs a supplement store next door to the restaurant. The store sells products geared towards athletes, such as protein powder and various vitamins and herbs...