Word: proteins
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...Bolivians deem such steps unnecessary because if not chemically transformed into cocaine, coca itself is harmless. On the contrary, studies point to nutritional benefits from a leaf packed with vitamins, minerals and protein. "It's like banning corn because you don't want people to drink alcohol," says Rolando Vargas, a coca grower union leader...
...virus, cancer vaccines use parts of tumors to help the patients' immune systems recognize diseased cells. Follicular lymphoma, a generally slow-moving cancer of the immune system that affects roughly 5,000 Spaniards each year, presents an especially enticing target for vaccine researchers because its cells all carry a protein, called an idiotype, that distinguishes them from their healthy counterparts. Mixing the idiotype with other substances that trigger immunological responses, "the vaccine presents a tumor protein to the patients in such a way that their immune systems recognize it and destroy any cells bearing that protein," explains Larry Kwak, associate...
...Many newer drugs target other pathways for tumor growth. Herceptin, introduced in 1998, interferes with a protein called epidermal growth factor by blocking the her2 receptor, a binding site that is found on the surface of many cells but is overabundant in about 25% of breast cancers. Other smart drugs interfere with the same growth factor, using slightly different chemical strategies to do so, and some have proved useful in a range of cancers. Gleevec, for example, which was approved in 2001, prevents growth factors from attaching to cancer cells and activating an enzyme called tyrosine kinase, which regulates cell...
...will tell them not only whether chemo is needed but also which specific drugs to use. Such a screen already exists for Herceptin, and many others are in development. Meantime, at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Dr. Roy Herbst, chief of thoracic medical oncology, is looking for protein markers on lung tumors that will enable doctors to make the best choice among four different drug combinations...
...just stopped working out five hours a day and stopped eating 210 grams of protein a day, and slowly--it took a while--the muscle just went away...