Word: proteins
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...everyone who is insulin resistant is overweight. Researchers at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, Calif., believe that at least part of the answer lies not in the pancreas but in the liver. In a study of mice published in the Nov. 13 issue of Nature, scientists identified a protein that tells the liver to favor the metabolism of fat over that of glucose. The result is a buildup of glucose levels in the blood, a hallmark of insulin resistance...
According to Penelope J. Greene, a visiting scholar at Harvard’s School of Public Health, cheating on a low-carb diet may present a health risk, since the diet replaces carbohydrates with foods extremely high in protein...
...more robust social networks. The researchers looked at marital status, number of close friends and family members, and participation in social and religious clubs. Compared with men in the highest quartile on the social-network index, men in the lowest fourth had significantly greater blood levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, substances that are associated with inflammation and are believed to be markers for cardiovascular disease. Curiously, researchers found no such link between social well-being and heart disease risk among the women they studied. --By Sora Song
Want to add some pizazz to your aquarium? A Taiwanese scientist has devised a way to make otherwise colorless fish glow neon green in the dark. Professor H.J. Tsai at National Taiwan University works this biological magic by injecting a protein extracted from jellyfish into the fertilized eggs of rice fish. He also uses a protein from coral to make fish glow a vibrant reddish pink. Opponents of genetic engineering fear that these creatures could crossbreed with wild species, creating glowing schools of Frankenfish. To keep them from spreading their shining DNA, the distributor, Taikong International, sterilizes them...
...researchers discovered that parathyroid hormone (PTH), an FDA-approved hormone for treating osteoporosis, had the same effect as the mice’s protein, increasing the number of stem cells. Mice treated with PTH who underwent bone marrow transplants had a 100 percent survival rate in the study...