Word: protons
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Those traces have helped physicists to track down more and more members of the large and seemingly limitless bestiary of subatomic particles. Last year, for example, Rubbia shared a Nobel Prize for having discovered, using the CERN super proton-antiproton synchrotron accelerator (SPPS), the W and Z particles. His finding provided proof for a theory that united two of the fundamental forces, electromagnetism and the weak force...
Quarks are believed to be the basic building blocks of all larger atomic particles. Three of them are bound together to form each proton and neutron in the neuclei of atoms...
...CERN's fourmile, $400 million super proton synchrotron, Rubbia devised a method of creating supercollisions among subatomic particles that would, he predicted, produce the carriers of the weak force...
Accelerators, one of the most important tools in physics today, help scientists determine the structure of atoms. A beam of protons are aimed around a rim of iron of up to several miles in circumference to collide with anti-proton matter flying in the opposite direction, resulting in a shower of subatomic particles...
Rubbia developed this particular proton collision method and has been working with it since the late 1970s...