Word: protons
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...Street believe that the X-particle is not a part of the primary cosmic radiation, but arises from cosmic ray collisions in the upper air. An important question remained: What is the X-particle's mass? It appeared to be heavier than an electron but lighter than a proton. But this is a wide range, about as wide as between a pound...
...various nuggets as the heredity map in the giant chromosomes of the salivary glands of the fruit fly; the pros & cons of the expanding universe; sensitizing dyes, such as kryptocyanine, which make photographic emulsions sensitive to light far beyond the bounds of the visible spectrum; the measurement of the proton-proton reaction within the atom-the force which binds the world by holding atomic nuclei together; researches at Columbia on the effects of calcium, of vitamins A and G upon longevity. In gathering this material Popularizer Gray visited dozens of laboratories, then checked back what he wrote with the scientific...
...Carl Stevenson of Harvard and by Dr. Carl David Anderson of California Institute of Technology (TIME, May 10). It does not con-form-as did the positive electron- to any mathematical predictions. Not much is known about it except that it is heavier than an electron, lighter than a proton, possessed of high penetrating power. In Denver last week Dr. Street announced that it may be positive as well as negative, that in his opinion it is not a messenger from outer space but originates about ten miles up in the stratosphere, as the result of an impact delivered...
They cannot be protons, since protons of the same curvature in a magnetic field produce a much thicker trail and are stopped completely at the first lead barrier, unlike the new particles, which pass through all. They cannot be neutrons (neutral particles) since they possess the same charge as the electron or the proton, although the mass is somewhere between these two. Therefore, concluded the investigators, they must be something new, and quite different...
There is also a demand for the negative proton-which also fails to leave a recognizable track in ionization chambers. Neutrons have been supposed to consist of a positive proton and a negative electron jammed together, canceling the electric charges. But to explain why some neutrons had positive "spins" and some negative, Tolansky of England two years ago suggested that the negative-spinners were composed of negative protons combined with positrons. The existence of positive-negative electron mates, said he, "suggests, on grounds of symmetry, that a negative proton might be expected to exist." Anderson had also declared himself...